s pullorum atcc  (ATCC)

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Amyloid β-peptide multimer expressed in green algae efficiently inhibits bacteria growth by disrupting cell membrane permeability

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16109-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial activity characterization of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His. (A) Inhibition zone assays of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His against Gram-positive strains S. aureus (ATCC 25923), L. monocytogenes (ATCC 21633), B. subtilis L300-1, B. subtilis LZ13-4, and Gram-negative strains Escherichia coli O157 (ATCC 35150), S. enterica (ATCC 10398), E. coli (ATCC 10305), and E. sakazakii (ATCC 29544). The conditions tested were: (1) 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His (1×MIC) in buffer solution (50 mM Tris/HCl), (2) gentamicin (50 µg/ml) as a positive control, (3) Tris/HCl buffer alone as a negative control, and (4) C. reinhardtii CC-125 cell lysate as an additional negative control. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are indicated as Gram + and Gram − , respectively. (B) The inhibition zone diameters (in mm) generated by 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His (1×MIC) were measured for eight bacterial strains and compared to those produced by gentamicin (50 µg/ml). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. Statistical significance is indicated as follows: p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (), p < 0.001 (*), while n.s. denotes non-significant results.

Article Snippet: For the assays, bacterial strains including E. coli (ATCC 10305), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), L. monocytogenes (ATCC 21633), E. coli O157 (ATCC 35150), B. subtilis L300-1, S. enterica ( ATCC 10398), E. sakazakii (ATCC 29544) and B. subtilis LZ13-4 were cultured in LB medium at 37 °C until reaching a OD 600 of 1.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Inhibition, Positive Control, Negative Control, Bacteria, Generated, Produced, Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Amyloid β-peptide multimer expressed in green algae efficiently inhibits bacteria growth by disrupting cell membrane permeability

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16109-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Determination of biochemical stability of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His. (A-C) SEC profiles of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His under various temperature (4, 25, 37, 60, and 90 °C) for 1 h (A), pH conditions (pH 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) for 4 h (B) and against proteolytic degradation by proteinase K, papain, trypsin, and pepsin after 2 h incubation (C). (D-F) The antimicrobial efficacy of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains after incubation at various temperatures (D), pH conditions (E), and against proteolytic degradation by proteinase (F). For all panels, error bars indicate standard deviation. S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and L. monocytogenes (ATCC 21633) (left panel) stand for Gram-positive bacteria and E. coli O157 (ATCC 35150) and S. enterica (ATCC 10398) (right panel) stand for Gram-negative bacteria.

Article Snippet: For the assays, bacterial strains including E. coli (ATCC 10305), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), L. monocytogenes (ATCC 21633), E. coli O157 (ATCC 35150), B. subtilis L300-1, S. enterica ( ATCC 10398), E. sakazakii (ATCC 29544) and B. subtilis LZ13-4 were cultured in LB medium at 37 °C until reaching a OD 600 of 1.

Techniques: Incubation, Bacteria, Standard Deviation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Amyloid β-peptide multimer expressed in green algae efficiently inhibits bacteria growth by disrupting cell membrane permeability

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16109-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial mechanisms of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His. (A) Fluorescence microscopy images showing PI uptake by Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria E. coli O157 (ATCC 35150) and S. enterica (ATCC 10398) after treatment with 1×MIC, 2×MIC and 3×MIC concentrations of 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His. Bacterial cells treated with PBS served as negative controls. Representative phase contrast (PC) images are presented. Scale bar: 5 μm. (B) SEM analysis of morphological changes in the Gram-positive bacteria and the Gram-negative bacteria following treatment with 3×amyloid β-peptide-HA-6×His (3×MIC). PBS served as a negative control. Red arrows indicate areas of altered cell morphology. Scale bar: 5 μm. For both panels, Gram + and Gram − refer to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively.

Article Snippet: For the assays, bacterial strains including E. coli (ATCC 10305), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), L. monocytogenes (ATCC 21633), E. coli O157 (ATCC 35150), B. subtilis L300-1, S. enterica ( ATCC 10398), E. sakazakii (ATCC 29544) and B. subtilis LZ13-4 were cultured in LB medium at 37 °C until reaching a OD 600 of 1.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Bacteria, Negative Control